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“there be 句型”详解
There be句型是小学、初中英语学习中的重要内容，表示（某处）有（某物/人），
基本结构为“There be +某物/人+某地”。
be动词的单复数必须依主语的变化而变化，单数is，复数are。如：
There is a table in the room. 房间里有一张桌子。
There are some birds in the tree. 树上有一些鸟。
一、句型结构
1．There is+a/an+单数可数名词+地点状语
There is a ruler on the desk. 书桌上有一把尺。
2．There are+复数可数名词+地点状语
There are four apples on the tree. 树上有四个苹果。
There are some flowers in the park. 公园里有一些花。
3．There is + 不可数名词 +地点状语
There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些水。
（水是不可数名词，即使有some, be动词也是单数。）
二、就近原则
重要考点：There be句型中，几个名词并列时，be的单复数形式由最近名词单复数
决定。如：
There is a pen, two books and some pencils on the desk.
本句中离be最近的是a pen, 因此be动词用单数is。
• There are two books, a pen and some pencils on the desk.
本句中离be最近的是two books, 因此be用复数形式are。
• There is some bread and two bottles of apple juice on the table.
本句中离be最近的是some bread, 因此be用单数形式。
• There are two bottles of apple juice and some bread on the table.
本句中离be最近的是two bottles of apple juice, 因此be用复数形式。
三、疑问句及回答
（一）一般疑问句
把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。当肯定句中有some时，要改为any（否定变化也一样）。
There is some water on Mars.（火星上有一些水）
→Is there any water on Mars?（火星上有水吗？）
There are some fish in the water.（水里有一些鱼，指鱼的“条数”，作可数名词）
→Are there any fish in the water?（水里有鱼吗?）
（二）There be 句型的回答
肯定回答：Yes, there is/are.
否定回答：No, there isn’t/aren’t.
（三）特殊疑问句
提问There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化：
1．对主语提问：当主语是人时，用“Who”提问；当主语是物时，用“What”。
注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，提问时一般都用be的单数形式，回答时根据实际情况来决定。
There are many things over there.（那边有很多东西）
→What's over there?（那边是什么？）
There is a little girl in the room.（房间里有个小女孩）
→Who is in the room?（谁在房间里？）
2．对地点提问：提问地点用“Where is/are+主语”
There is a computer on the desk.（桌子上有一台电脑）
→Where is the computer？（电脑在哪里？）
3．对数量提问用：
①How many+复数名词+are there+地点短语？
②How much+不可数名词+is there+地点短语？
There are two chairs in the bedroom. 卧室里有两把椅子。
How many chairs are there in the bedroom? 卧室里有多少把椅子？
示例：
①单数可数名词
肯定句：There is an apple on the tree. 树上有个苹果。
一般疑问句：Is there an apple on the tree? 树上有苹果吗？
肯定回答：Yes, there is.
否定回答：No, there isn’t.
就an apple提问：
What's on the tree? 树上有什么？
②复数可数名词
肯定句：There are five boys in the classroom. 教室里有五个男孩。
一般疑问句：Are there five boys in the classroom? 教室里有五个男孩吗？
肯定回答：Yes, there are.
否定回答：No, there aren’t.
对数量提问：
How many boys are there in the classroom? 教室里有几个男孩？
③不可数名词
肯定句 There is some water in the glass. （水是不可数名词）（杯子里有些水）
否定句 Is there any water in the glass?（杯子里有水吗？）
肯定回答：Yes, there is.
否定回答：No, there isn’t.
就 some water提问
What’s in the glass?
就some提问
How much water is there in the glass?
四、否定形式
（一）There be 句型的否定：
在be后面加not即可，is not =isn’t, are not= aren’t,
注意：句中如果出现some则改成any.
1．There is a knife in the kitchen. 厨房里有一把刀。
否定：There is not a knife in the kitchen. 厨房里没有刀。
2．There are five apples on the tree. 树上有五个苹果。
否定：There are not five apples on the tree. 树上没有五个苹果。
3．There is some ink in the bottle. 瓶子里有墨水。
否定：There is not any ink in the bottle. 瓶子里没有墨水。
ink是墨水，不可数名词。
4．There are some birds singing in the tree. 树上有几只鸟儿在歌唱。
否定：There are not any birds singing in the tree. 树上没有鸟儿在歌唱。
五、其它时态的there be句型，可以参照一般现在时的形式。
（一）一般现在时：there is/are
（二）一般过去时：there was/were，例：
There was a bike under the tree yesterday. 昨天树下有一辆自行车。
（三）一般将来时：there will be/there is going to be，例：
There is going to be a football match in our school next week.
下周我们学校将有一场足球赛。
六、拓展
（一）情态动词
表肯定推测：there may/must be 可能有/肯定有
表否定推测：there can't be 不可能有
表示过去曾有：there used to
There can't be forty books in the schoolbag. 书包里不可能有40本书。
（二）反义疑问句
陈述句部分+ be（not）there?
There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn’t there? 花园里有一个漂亮的女孩，是吗？
There are some books on the table, aren’t there? 桌子上有些书，是吗？
There is going to be a foot match tomorrow, isn’t there?
There will be meeting next week, won’t there?
There wasn’t an exam yesterday afternoon, was there?
七、“there be” VS “have / has”
There be 的含义为在某（地）处有某物（人），have / has一般指某人（物）有什么，两者含义不同，两者不可混淆。
正：There is going to be a soccer game next Saturday. Would you like to watch it？
误：There is going to have a soccer game next Saturday. Would you like to watch it？
正：There is a teacher and thirty students in the classroom.
误：There have / has a teacher and thirty students in the classroom.
There be 句型专项练习
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1．There _________ a book and three pencils on the desk.
A. be B. is C. are D. am
2．_________ there a new bike in front of our classroom?
A. Is B. Are C. Do D. Does
3．There _________ any books on your desk.
A. aren’t B. isn’t C. don’t D. doesn’t
4．_________ apples are there on the table? There are four.
A. How much B. How many C. How large D. How big
5．_________ milk is there in the bottle? There is little.
A. How many B. How old C. How far D. How much
6．_________ less milk in this bottle than in that one.
A. There have B. There has C. There is D. There are
7．— Again, my computer doesn’t work.
— _________ must be something wrong with the CPU.
A. There B. That C. It D. This
8．There _________ a talk show on CCTV-3 at eight this evening.
A. is going to be B. is going to have C. will have D. are going to be
9．— There _________ no milk in the fridge. Could you got some for me, Dick?
— All right, Mum.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
10．There isn’t _________ food in the fridge.
A. some B. an C. a D. any
11．There are birds in that big tree.
A. hundreds of B. five hundreds of C. five hundred of D. hundred of
12．There ______ a number of books in the library and the number of them ______ increasing.
A. has; is B. have; are C. are; is D. is; are
13．There ________ a soccer game next Saturday．Would you like to watch it？
A. is going to have B. is going to be
C. has D. was
14．There ____ some milk, two eggs and a few cakes on the table.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
15．— What's in the picture on the wall？
— There ________ a teacher and some students playing soccer on the playground.
A. has B. are C. is D. have
16．— I remember there _________ a lot of fish in Yanglan Lake. Now it has been polluted．
— What a pity! I think we should play a role in protecting the environment.
A. are used to have B. are used to be
C. used to have D. used to be
17．There _________ a basketball game between these two grades in the gym this afternoon.
A. will B. is going to have
C. is going to be D. will have
18．— Mum, there _________ no milk in the fridge.
— Oh, but there __________ three bottles of orange juice.
A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is
19．— There ________ an English party in our class next week.
— That sounds great!
A. is going to have B. is going to be
C. will have D. are going to be
20．— Are you free? I'd like you to go to Tianhe Park with me.
— Sorry, there ________ going to _______ some important meetings this coming weekend.
A. is; have B. are; be C. are; have D. is; be
21．There a teacher and thirty students in the classroom.
A. has B. have C. is D. are
22．— ________ there _______ beef in the kitchen？
— No. I will go to buy some this afternoon.
A. Is; some B. Is; any C. Are; some D. Are；any
23．There a talk show on CCTV﹣4 at nine this evening.
A. will have B. will be
C. is going to have D. is having
24．If there _______ anything I can do to help, please let me know.
A. is B. will be C. was D. has been
25．The radio says there ________ basketball matches this weekend.
A. is going to be B. is going to have
C. are going to be D. will have
26．— There a basketball game against Class Two this Sunday.
— I see. I will come and cheer you on.
A. will have B. is going to be C. is going to have
Ⅱ. 用be动词的适当形式填空
1．There _________（be）many things over there.
2．There _________（be）a little girl in the room.
3．_________ there any water on the moon?
4．_________（be）there any pictures on the wall?
5．There _________（be not）a bike behind the tree.
6．There _________（be）a dictionary and two books on the desk.
7．There _________（be）some juice in the glass.
Ⅲ. 句型转换
1．There are some cars and buses on the street. （改为一般疑问句）
_________ there _________ cars or buses on the stress?
2．Is there a pay phone across from the library? （做否定回答）
No, _________.
3．There is a piece of paper on the table. （改为一般疑问句）
_________ there _________ piece of paper on the table?
4．There are two pay phones in the neighborhood. （改为否定句）
There _________ two pay phones in the neighborhood.
5．There are 15 children in our class. （对划线部分提问）
_________ children _________ in your class?
参考答案
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1．B 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．D
6．C 7．A 8．A 9．A 10．D
11．A 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．C
16．D 17．C 18．C 19．B 20．B
21．C 22．B 23．B 24．A 25．C 26．B
Ⅱ. 用be动词的适当形式填空
1．Are 2．Is 3．Is 4．Are 5．isn’t 6．Is 7．is
Ⅲ. 句型转换
1．Are, any 2．there, isn’t 3．Is, a
4．aren’t 5．How many, are there
